Fire protection mechanisms require high standard designs and installations so as to provide optimum safety measures. Among these mechanisms, the Pre-Action sprinkler system marks a significant position with its reliability, comprehensiveness and proficient operation during emergencies. This article aims at shedding light on this highly significant system.
A pre-action sprinkler system, being a part of an extensively designed fire suppression system, functions under controlled conditions. These sprinkler systems involve a two-step sequence for its operation unlike the conventional automated sprinkler systems. The two levels of actions involve, firstly, the detection of fire or smoke through different sensory systems and secondly, the activation of the sprinkler system on validation of an authentic fire situation.
Primarily used in water-sensitive environments like libraries, data centers, or places housing valuable artifacts, a pre-action sprinkler system avoids inadvertent water discharge, thereby safeguarding vulnerable valuables from potential water damage. It is designed to operate under situations where the presence of a fire is accurately confirmed.
Working of the Pre-Action Sprinkler System
The mechanism of a pre-action sprinkler system involves holding back the water through a pre-action valve until a fire detection system identifies a fire. A smoke or heat detector picks up the fire situation and sends the signal to release the valve. It is only after this release, the water reaches the sprinkler heads. This mechanism essentially prevents water from being accidentally discharged, which can potentially lead to unforeseen damage to assets and property.
Solenoid valves play an instrumental role in the functioning of a pre-action sprinkler system. These valves, driven by an electric current through a solenoid, control the flow of water in the system. The function of these valves is to open or close the pathway of water on receiving signals from the fire detection system. Simplistically put, the solenoid valves are the gateway controllers of water in the pre-action sprinkler system.
Different Types of Pre-Action Sprinkler Systems
Pre-action sprinkler systems are of different types, primarily classified based on their actions such as single interlock, and double interlock systems.
A single interlock pre-action system functions on the principle of only one triggering element – typically a detection system. The detection device identifies smoke or heat and signals the valve to open and permit the water to reach the sprinkler heads.
Conversely, the double interlock pre-action system, as the name signifies, incorporates two triggering elements for its operation. The sensory layer picks up a potential fire situation following which it signals the system for air exhaust. Subsequently, if the temperature reveals appropriate levels, the sprinkler heads activate, calling for the release of water. This dual layer of confirmation provides an additional layer of security against inadvertent water discharge.
Importance of the Pre-Action Sprinkler System
Given its working mechanism involving detection of flame or smoke followed by the activation of the sprinkler system, a pre-action sprinkler system is a dependable fire protection solution. Its capability to prevent inadvertent water discharge makes it an invaluable installation in environments housing-sensitive equipment. Moreover, the integral role of solenoid valves marks the precision and control over the water flow, making the system a proficient tool in offering a balanced and operative solution in the event of a fire emergency.
While the initial cost and maintenance might appear to be on the higher side, the effective operation and the protection it offers against unwarranted water damage undeniably augments its overall value. Hence, the pre-action sprinkler system stands as an advanced fire suppression system offering a profound and reliable solution.